About the Book:After a decade and a half of decentralization reforms in post-communist states, we still know very little about their impact on local populations. This study, which examines local social services and economic promotion in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Russia, fills this important gap. The book dispels the myth that socio-economic ‘givens’ or inter-governmental systems are key determinants of local development. Party political factors and local civic activism can and do make a difference, and should be given greater prominence in the literature on local performance.